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Company law 
1) Who are the directors of a company? How are they appointed?
2) Explain the rules regarding the number of directors and directorships.
3) Discuss the legal position of directors.
4) What restrictions have been imposed by the Companies Act in respect of
appointment of directors?
5)Explain the qualifications and disqualification for the office of a director.
6) What is meant by qualification shares? Is it necessary to be a shareholder or to
acquire qualification shares before acting as a director?
7) What are the circumstances when the office of a director shall become vacant'?
8) How can a director be removed from office before the expiry of their term of office?
9) Discuss the powers and duties of directors.
10) Explain the liability of directors towards the company and third parties. Can a
director be held liable for criminal liability?
11) Write an explanatory note on meetings of directors.
12) Explain the procedure of allotment of shares.
13) What is an irregular allotment? What are its consequences?
14) What is meant by return of allotment?
15) Under what circumstances can a company issue shares at a discount?
16) When shares can be issued at a premium? For what purposes the premium amount
can be utilised?
17) What is a shareccrtificate? When must it be issued? Can a company issue a duplicate
share certificate, if so when?
18) What is share warrant? Distinguish between a share certificate and a share warrant.
19) What is meant by 'call'? What are the requisites of a valid cell?
20) Explain the procedure of forfeitingthe shares. What is theeffect of forfeiture'? How
forfeiture is different from surrender of shares?
21 "Company is an artificial person created by law with a perpetual succession and
is different from the personality of the member constituting it'. Comment.
22 Discuss the concept of corporate veil. Under what circumstances can this veil be
lifted?

COMPANY CASES SOLVED/UNSOLVED

1.Reliance Limited wants to provide financial assistance to its employees, to enable them to subscribe for certain number of fully paid shares. Considering the provision of the Companies Act, 1956, what advice would you give to the reliance company in this regard?

2. Punj llyod company limited has only seven shareholders, all the shares being fully paidup. All the shares of one such shareholder are sold by the court in an auction and purchased by another shareholder. The company continues to carry on business thereafter. Discuss the liabilities of the shareholders of the company under the Companies Act, 1956.

3. Amir khan applies for share on the basis of a prospectus which contains mis statement. The shares are allotted to him, who afterwards transfers them to amitabh . Can amitabh bring an action for a rescission on the ground of mis-statement?
Decide under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956.

4. The Memorandum of Association of a company was presented to the Registrar of Companies for registration and the Registrar issued the certificate of incorporation. After complying with all the legal formalities a company started a business according to the object clause, which was clearly an illegal business. The company contends that the nature of the business cannot be gone into as thecertificate of incorporation is conclusive. Answer the question whether Coal India ltd contention is correct or not.
5. Start tv was started with the object of building A mall with shops. The building was destroyed by fire and the company wanted to alter the objects clause in the memorandum by substituting the words A mall with shops with the words Shops, Residential buildings and Warehouses for letting purposes. Will this alteration of the memorandum for the purpose be permissible? Decide referring to the provisions of the companies Act, 1956.

6. Jai corp ltd, who is a resident of New Delhi, sent a transfer deed, for registration
of transfer of shares to the company at the address of its Registered Office in Mumbai. He did not receive the shares certificates even after the expiry of four months from the date of dispatch of transfer deed. He lodged a criminal complaint in the Court at New Delhi. Decide, under the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956, whether the Court at New Delhi is competent to take
action in the said matter?

ICSI BUSINESS LAW Question Bank part 1
1.(a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect. 

(i) A company cannot sue and be sued in its own name. 
(ii) A bill which is drawn and accepted without consideration is called accommodation bill
(iii) A person who does not invest or participate in the management of the firm but only gives his name to the firm, is called a nominal partner. 
(iv) Consideration is not necessary in a contract of agency.
(v) A contract of sale for future goods is a valid contract.
(vi) The liability of the surety is coextensive with that of the principal debtor. 


(b) Attempt any two of the following : 
(i) "Sharing of profit is not the conclusive test of partnership." Comment. 

(ii) Ajit is indebted to Balram for Rs.5 lakh. Ajit sells his property to Chinky for Rs.6 lakh. Chinky, the purchaser of Ajits property, promises to pay off the debt to Balram. Later, Chinky fails to pay the debt amount to Balram. Can Balram sue Chinky for the debt amount of Rs.5 lakh ? Give reasons.

(iii)Manjeet, a minor falsely represented himself to Nakul that he was a major and requested to lend him Rs.10,000. Nakul believed and acted upon Manjeets statement and lent him Rs.10,000. Later, Manjeet failed to repay the loan amount to Nakul who filed a suit against Manjeet in the court of law. Manjeet pleads his minority. Decide giving reasons

2. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are true or false: 
(i) A contract for the sale of future goods is always known as an agreement to sell. 
(ii) A partner can be expelled from a firm only with the consent of all the partners. 
(iii) A private company is required to file a statement in lieu of prospectus with the Registrar of Companies before allotting its shares. 
(iv) Revocation of offer does not take effect until it is actually communicated to the offere. 
(v) A promissory note is a threeparty instrument. 

(b) Write notes on any two of the following : 
(i) Subagent 
(ii) Statutory meeting 
(iii) Auction sales 
(iv) Forged endorsement
3. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect. Attempt any six : 
(i) Besides minors and persons of unsound mind, there are others too who are disqualified from contracting by law. 
(ii) A contract to contract is not a contract
(iii) A continuing guarantee can be revoked as to the past transaction by giving notice to the creditor . . 
(iv) An auctioneer can refuse to accept the highest bid. 
(v) A preference shareholder does not have a right to vote on every resolution of the company. 
(vi) The liability of a sleeping partner is limited. 
(vii) Order instrument can be negotiated by delivery only. 
(viii) A firm cannot be appointed as a director of a company. 

(b) Write short notes on any two of the following : 
(i) Certificate of incorporation
(ii) Anticipatory breach of contract 
(iii) Irrevocable agency 


4. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect 
(i) A specific guarantee once given is irrevocable. 
(ii) Future goods can be the subject matter of a sale. 
(iii) Sharing of losses is an essential element of the existence of partnership. (iv) Cheques are always payable on demand. 
(v) A company is an incorporated individual having a separate legal entity. 

(b) Attempt any two of the following : 
(i) No seller can give to the buyer a better title to the goods than what he himself has. Comment.
(ii) Explain the legal position of a minor under the Indian Contract Act, 1872 for necessaries supplied to him. 

iii) Anubhav, an author, enters into a contract with Balwant, a publisher, for writing a book for him. But, subsequently Anubhav refuses to write the book for Balwant. Now, Balwant files a suit against Anubhav for specific performance of the contract. Will Balwant succeed ? Give reasons. 

(iv) Amit promises to procure an employment for Bimal in a government department and Bimal promises to pay Rs.5,000 to Amit for the same. Amit gets the said job for Bimal. However, Bimal refuses to pay the promised money to Amit who files a suit in the court of law to recover Rs.5,000 from Bimal. Will Amit succeed ? Give reasons


5.(a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect. 
(i) Specific offer can be accepted by any member of the general public. 
(ii) Drawer of a dishonoured cheque due to insufficiency of funds is liable to imprisonment for a maximum period of one year. 
(iii) In the case of an agreement to sell, ownership in the goods passes from seller to the buyer immediately. 
(iv) The partnership firm has no legal existence apart from its partners
(v) A company cannot sue a third party in its own name. . 
(vi) Any promise made for the benefit of the principal debtor may be a sufficient consideration to the surety for giving the guarantee. 

(b) Write notes on any two of the following : 
(i) Continuing guarantee 
(ii) Association not for profit 
(iii) Contingent goods.

6. (a) State, with reasons in brief, whether the following statements are correct or incorrect.
(i) Consideration may move from the promisee or any other person. 
(ii) Goods in return of goods is an acceptable mode of sale of goods. 
(iii) Not negotiable crossing means the cheque cannot be further transferred. (iv) A shareholder of a private company can easily transfer his shares to anyon 
(v) A partner can retire in accordance with the partnership deed. 
(vi) A surety must be an adult person. 
(b) Attempt any four of the following : 
(i) Customs and trade usages 
(ii) Inchoate or incomplete instrument. 
(iii) Exceptions to the doctrine of caveat emptor. 
(iv) Statutory duties of a Company Secretary. 

ICSI BUSINESS LAW PART 2 

1. (a) Distinguish between sale and hirepurchase agreement.
(b) "Once an instrument passes through the hands of a holder in due course, it is purged of all defects." Explain.
(c) Write a note on contract over the telephone

2. (a) Distinguish between dissolution of partnership and dissolution of partnership firm 

(b) Under what circumstances can an aggrieved party institute a suit for injunction and for specific performance of a contract? Explain with examples. 

(c) Ajeet, owner of an apple orchard, believes that all the apple trees in his orchard are fruitbearing trees. However, he has no sufficient ground for his belief. Even then, Ajeet states to Baljeet that his orchard has all fruitbearing trees. Induced by this statement, Baljeet purchases the orchard. Later on, it is found that only 50% trees are fruitbearing. Now, Baljeet files a suit for the repudiation of the contract. Will Baljeet succeed ? Give reasons.

3. (a) Distinguish between any two of the following 
(i) Condition and warranty. 
(ii) Partnership and Hindu Undivided Family
(iii) Private company and public company.

4. (a) Distinguish between sale and an agreement to sell under the Sale of Goods Act, 1930. 
(b) Discuss briefly whether an agreement by way of wager is a voidable contract.
(c) Define negotiable instrument. Distinguish between a bill of exchange and cheque. 

5. Distinguish between void contract and voidable contract.

6. Distinguish between shareholders and members of a company

7.Distinguish between functional form of departmentation and product form of departmentation. Describe with the help of diagrams and illustrations 

 

8. Distinguish between negotiation and assignment

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTS, OPERATIONS AND CASE STUDIES


1 What are the methods of profiling tourists ? How does it help in promoting a destination ?

2 Discuss various types of museums. How can they be used for educational purposes ?

3 Discuss the city of Mumbai as a tourism destination for different types of tourists?

4 Discuss the adventure sports tourism with special reference to India?

5 Write a detailed note on the importance of crafts and folk art in the promotion of tourism?

6 Give a detailed account of the project of 'Palace Wheels'. Is it a successful project ?

7 Discuss the policy of the government for marketing Indian tourism outside India?

8 What do you understand by highway services ? How has the state of Haryana used them for promoting tourism ? 

9 Describe the basic concept of beach and island tourism with examples from Kovalam and Lakshdweep ?

10 Write short notds on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(i) Taj Mahal as a monument
(ii) Khajurahofestival
(iii) Gir National Park
(iv) Tirupati and Kamakhya

11 Write a comprehensive note on the anthropology of tourism?

12 How are escorting Services important for tourism ? Discuss

13 Prepare a plan for a group of foreign tourists to undertake a daylong tour of any popular tourist city of India?

14 Describe Mumbai as a business city ?

15 Discuss the usefulness of adventure sports for tourism and give suitable examples?

16 Examine the tourism potential of Kovalam beach resort?

17 Write an essay on evolutionary stages of the growth of the pilgrim Tourism in India?

18 Describe Palace on wheels and its significance as a tourism product?

19 What is Operation Europe ? How did it help tourism ? Discuss.

20 Write about 300 words each on any two of the following : 
(a) Gir National Park
(b)PATA
(c) Heritage Hotels

21 What is the advantage of profiling tourists ? How do you profile foreign tourists ? Explain. 

22 Describe Taj Mahal to a group of domestic tourists visiting AgrU for the first time?

23 Take a group of foreign tourists on a visit to Prince of Wales Museum, Mumbai and describe it to them?

24 Write a detailed letter to your friend giving information about Khajuraho Festival?

25 Discuss the role of cuisine in promoting a tourism destination?

26 Discuss the historic importance of jim Corbett National Park in promoting wildlife tourism in India?

27 Examine the role of cultural festivals in tourism in India?

28 Give an account of Kalinga-Bali yatra and its significance for Regional tourism?

29 Give details of Heritage Hotel Scheme and discuss its role in tourism promotion ?

30 Write about 300 words each on any following :
(a) Guest Host Relationship.
(b) Highway Services.
(c) Arts and Crafts in Tourism.

31 Mention the factors that effect the Guest-Host relationship in Tourism Industry ?

32 What are the attributes of a good wildlife Tourism Guide ? What are the problems faced by wildlife Tourism Guides and Escorts ?

33 As a Tour Manager, explain the points to consider while preparing for a tour. Also mention the problems one may encounter with tourists during a tour?

34 Explain with the help of an example, the role of Dance Festivals in attracting tourists to India.

35 Examine the tourism potential of Gir National Park?

36 Explain the role of crafts and folk art in Tourism?

37 Write an essay on the Kalinga-Bali Yatra?

38 Discuss the role and importance of PATA in the Tourism Industry ?

39 What do you understand by Heritage Hotel ? Explain the features of a Heritage Hotel.

40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each 
(a) Taj Mahal
(b) Hindu Pilgrimage sites in India
(c) Beach Tourism

MANAGEMENT IN TOURISM

1 Mention the skills required to be an entrepreneur ?

2 Define management. Discuss the various management iszues in tourism?

3 Define the {ollowing in about 100 words each :
(i) Business Traveller
(ii) Balance Sheet
(iii) Projgct Appraisal
(iv) Controlling

4 Discuss the steps you would take to plan a convention?

5 Discuss the relevance of public relations in tourism business?

6 What do you understand by Human Resource Management ? Discuss its importance for tourism organisations?

7 Write an essay on food service management ?

8 How has information technology changed the management functions in tourism? Answer with examples.

9 Discuss the significance of management concept and the roles and responsibilities of a manager in present day competitive and multinational
business environment.?

10 What kind of qualities are required to become a successful Entrepreneurship in Tourism ?

11 Discuss the various views related to organisation structures?

12 What is Transactional Analysis ? Discuss its importance in relation of Tourism Business?

13 Write a note on Human Resource Management in Tourism ?

14 Discuss the role of I.T. on the various sectors tourism. Give relevant examples ?

15 Discuss the essential components of a tour package?

16 Discuss the role of Public Relation in tourism.?

17 Do you think Low Cost Carriers in India can survive for long ? Give your opinion with relevant examples.

18 "Convention is an integral part of modern tourism business." Comment ?

19 Discuss the role of small and Medium Enterprises in economic growth of a country?

20 Discuss the important management issues involved in tourism trade.

21 What are the various steps involved in planning ? Discuss with reference to a tourism
organisation.

22 Discuss the importance of interpersonal behaviour in tourism business?

23 Write short notes (any two) :
(a) Ego States
(b) Life Position
(c) Recruitment
(d) Selection Process

24 What are the different components of Marketing Mix in tourism ? Which one would you recommend for Indian Tourism ?

25 . Write short notes (any two) :
(a) Profit and Loss statement
(b) Balance Sheet
(c) Profitability Analysis
(d) Break Even Point

26 Differentiate between tour operator and travel agent. What are the various linkages in 
travel trade ?

27 Discuss the importance of Public Relation in Tourism ?

28 How do you foresee the future of Convention Industry in India ?

29 Define Management. Mention the roles and responsibilities of a Manager in a tourism
organisation?

30 Why is decision making important in tourism trade ? Discuss the steps involved in decision making.

31 Explain Conflict. Discuss how conflict influence inter-group relations and group performance ?

32 Discuss the importance of human resource management in tourism ?

33 Write an essay on sources of finance?

34 As a manager, what type of briefings would you give to your subordinates for the smooth conduct of a tour ?

35 Analyse various issues related to tourism transport management?

36 What are the managerial tasks involved in organising conventions ?

37 Explain the responsibilities of a tour manager in conducting a tour?

38 Write about 300 words each on any two of the following :
(a) Management issues in hotels
(b)Public relations in Tourism
(c) Profitability analysis

INDIAN CULTURE : PERSPECTIVE FOR TOURISM


1 Discuss customs and rituals related to life cycle? 

2 How can various archaeological sites in India be made attractive for the tourists ?

3 Critically examine the stylistic classification of music in India ?

4 Differentiate between Hindi cinema and regional cinema. Analyse in brief the achievements of Indian cinema ?

5 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(i) Mughal Architecture
(ii) Parsi Theatre
(iii) Papier Mache

6 Analyse chief characteristic features of north Indian cities in the 6th century B.C. ?

7 Discuss the growth of Indian handicrafts. Enumerate the weaknesses of the handicrafts sector inIndia?

8 Examine salient features of tourism policy in India?

9 Discuss various sculptural forms of ancient India?

10 Write a note on major Hindu sects?

11 Describe the richness of Indian culture and its assimilative traditions ?

12 Write a brief note on some of the major fairs and festivals of India ?

13 Write a detailed note on the conservation of culture ?

14 Analyse the socio-cultural changes during theGupta period ?

15 Trace the development of cinema in post independence India ?

16 Discuss the development of Mughal architecture.Name at least five important Mughal monuments which are used as tourist attraction ?

17 Write a note on Indian textiles and custumes ?

18 Discuss beliefs, cultural patterns and dress styles of some of the important tribes of India?

19 Assess the growth of wood and metal crafts of India ?

20 Write short notes an any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(a) Mohenjodaro
(b) Modern Indian Paintings
(c) Folk Theatre
(d) Ancient Sculpture

21 Discuss 'Cultural involution' in the case of Bali and Toraja. What significance can it have in Indian case ?

22 Give an account of the main features of Bhakti and Sufi movements in India ?
.
23 Discuss the essential elements that constitute Indian music ?

24 Discuss various forms of modern Indian theatre.How can theatre contribute in the promotion of tourism ?

25 Write a note on the stupa and rock-cut architecture in Ancient India ?

26 Discuss the roles of the Museum in the promotion of Tourism ?

27 What is identity ? Discuss the formation of Tribal identity?

28 What are the government policies for the development of tourism in India ?

29 What is the role of mass media in development of tourism ?

30 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each , 
(a) Pottery in the Ganga Valley
(b) Image of women in Indian Cinema
(c) Kumbh Mela
(d) Papier Mache.

31 Discuss the important characteristics of Indian festivals and fairs. Can they be used as tourism products ?

32 Discuss the main features of Indo-Islamic architecture. Pick up any 2 monuments of your choice ?

33 Describe the main tribal zones of India. How will the development of tourism affect them ?

34 Write a note on the development of modern Indian theatre ?

35 List the main textiles of India. Which ones do the tourists like the most ?

36 Why is the conservation of culture important ? Explain the main aspects of this conservation.

37 Write a note on the evolution of modern Indian painting?

38 Discuss the various features of the Bhakti and Sufi movements in India ?

39 Write a note on the importance of stone craft in the Indian handicrafts tradition ?

40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each : 
(a) Rock-cut architecture
(b) Women in Indian Cinema
(c)Educational Role of Museums
(d)Tradition of Religious Tolerance in India

ECOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM


1 Explain the meaning of Abiotic Environment with the help of appropriate examples?

2 Discuss the impact of tourism on environment and suggest measures to reduce adverse impacts ?

3 Write an essay on Responsible Tourism ?

4 What is Tourism Master Plan ? Explain.

5 Analyse critically the relationship between conservation requirements and development ?

6 Describe Chipko Movement and the debate on building large dams in India ?

7 Discuss how tourism is both an opportunity to the locals as well as pressure on locals?

8 Evaluate the impact of tourism on wildlife?

9 Discuss the importance of wetlands. Also examine the impact ol tourism on wetlands ?

10 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(i) The Aquatic Biomes
(ii) Indian Philosophy and Environment
(iii) VisitorBehaviour
(iv) The Making of Shimla
(v) Adventure Sports

11 What are the different components of the abiotic environment ? How have they changed with time ?

12 Explain main elements of Indian philosophical views on environment?

13 Write an essay on the relationship between environment and development?

14 What is multiplier effect ? How does it affect the economy of an area 

15 How does tourism affect environment ? Discuss critically.

16 How did the National Action plan of 1992 affect tourism ? Describe.

17 How would you identify pressures and assess thresholds on environment in the context of tourism ?

18 Write a note on the process through which various mountains were transformed into hill stations ?

19 What are wetlands ? How does excessive tourism affect them ?

20 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(a) Hotels and Resorts
(b) Wildlife
(c) Politics of Environment
(d) Tourism Master Plan

21 Describe in detail the nature of terrestrial biomes of the world ?

22 How is environment described in the Indian philosophical tradition ? Discuss.

23 Does tourism activity always affect environment adversely ? Examine.

24 Examine the importance of regional assets in tourism development ?

25 Discuss the role of locals in tourism development ?

26 Examine the nature of wild life in any two biogeographic zones of India?

27 Describe how the hill-stations of Darjeeling and Nilgiris were established ?

28 Examine the character of beaches in India. What are the possibilities of tourism promotion there ?

29 Write an essay on the water sports in India ?

30 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 300 words each :
(a) The Ecosystem and its components
(b) Sustainable Development
(c) Importance of Tourism Master Plan
(d) India Tourism Policy-1982
(e) Visitor Behaviour and Environment.

31 What are biomes ? Describe some of the terrestrial biomes of the world.

32 How has the environmental question been understood in the Indian philosophical
tradition ?

33 Write a note on the nature of relationship between environment and development?

34 Define 'Community'. How have local communities been influenced by tourism ?

35 Write a note on tourism as a tool for conservation.
 
36 Write an essay on the politics of environment?

37 What are the ways in which the local physical environment is affected by visitor behaviour ?

38 Write a note on wild life ? How does it get affected by tourism ?

39 Write an essay on the role of different kind of accommodation in promoting tourism?


40 Write short notes on any two of the following in about 250 words each :
(a) Tourism Master Plan
(b) Wet Lands
(c) Hill Stations
(d) Multiplier Effects

TOURISM MARKETING


1 Discuss the relevance of marketing in tourism Answer with examples?

2 What do you understand by international tourism markets ? Mention about some tourism markets for India.

3 Write an essay on socially responsible marketing Give examples also ?

4 What do you understand by product designing in tourism ? Can every tourism resource be treated as a tourism product ?

5 What is marketing ? How would you make a marketing plan for a travel agency ?

6 Discuss the emerging trends in domestic tourism?

7 What do you mean by marketing research ? Why is it important in tourism business ?

8 "Tourism will not flourish unless local bodies are involved in the profit sharing". Comment ?

9 Write a note on social marketing ?

10 Describe tourism product. What elements should you consider while designing a tourism product ?

11 Discuss the 4 P's of Marketing Mix. Why do we need a fifth 'P' (People) ?

12 "India is a paradise for Culture lovers". As a marketer how can you get advantage of this perception ?

13 Discuss the challenges and problems faced by the tourists in the sphere of accommodation?

14 Discuss the functions of a tour operator ?

15 Discuss the main features of the tourism marketing. How would you make a plan for a
travel agency ? Explain.

16 What do you mean by market segmentation ? Discuss the basis for segmentation in tourism marketing.

17 What are the strategic options available to a marketeer to fight the competition ? Discuss.

18 Discuss the importance of technology in tourism trade?

19 What aspects would you consider important while developing a tourist transport product ?

20 What is alternative accofiunodation ? Discuss the salient features of alternative accommodation.

21 What is Destination Marketing ? Suggest a marketing strategy to market India

22 Write a note on trade fares and travel marts?.

23 What are the components of Tourism marketing Explain ?

24 Discuss the Concept of socially Responsible Marketing applicable to tourism business ?

25 "Marketing starts with consumer and ends with consumer". Discuss with special reference to tourism business?

26 Why market segmentation is important ? Discuss the basis of market segmentation.

27 Discuss the major foreign tourist generating markets for India?

28 "Cuisine has a prominent role in tourism promotion". Discuss ?

29 Discuss the role of events and activities in tourism marketing ?

30 "Marketing Research (MR) is the key to success".Discuss the statement in the changing scenario How MR helps the business man ?

31 Write short notes on any two about 300 words each :
(a) Public organisations
(b)Role of Local Bodies
(c) Role of NGOs
(d) Social marketing

32 Describe the contents of tourism marketing mix?

33 What are FAM Tours ? Discuss the importance of FAM tours in tourism industry.

34 Discuss the role of commissions in tourism marketing ?